Men with mental illnesses are also less likely to have received mental health treatment than women in the past year. c. illogical thinking. 150. Finally, the sociocultural model indicated the role of socioeconomic, gender, environmental, and multicultural factors on abnormal behavior. She has developed depression due to a serotonin deficiency. 12. b. multicultural. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is:
a. denial. 72. Since that time, I've never been able to swim in a lake. If a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely be practicing:
a. couple therapy. Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? d. psychophysical. 2.3.4. c. abnormality arises from an interaction between predisposition and stress. Social desirability states that sometimes participants do not tell us the truth about what they are thinking, feeling, or doing (or have done) because they do not want us to think less of them or to judge them harshly if they are outside the social norm. Watson believed that the subject matter of psychology was to be observable behavior, and to that end, psychology should focus on the prediction and control of behavior. So the dog now reliably salivates at the sound of the bell because he expects that food will follow, and it does. As you might expect, if reinforcement occurs after extinction has started, the behavior will re-emerge. This approach stresses the need for people to re-create themselves continually and be self-aware, acknowledges that anxiety is a normal part of life, focuses on free will and self-determination, emphasizes that each person has a unique identity known only through relationships and the search for meaning, and finally, that we develop to our maximum potential. Over time, he begins to understand how events in his early life have impacted how he functions now. d. sociocultural. All of the following describe drawbacks of the cognitive-behavioral model EXCEPT:
a. it is difficult to test in the laboratory. Release of neurotransmitters is stopped. And if a nipple is placed in their mouth, they will also automatically suck via the sucking reflex. According to the Genetics Home Reference website as part of NIHs National Library of Medicine, a gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity (https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/basics/gene). a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. personality. Evaluating the humanistic and existential perspectives. b. transference. 2.2.1.6. 82. Amelia has been told that her course of therapy is likely to take a year or more because it involves the reshaping of her personality and that takes many sessions. You immediately focus all of your energy on the financial implications of your partners departure and ways to save money. The antenna-like extensions located at one end of the neuron are called:
a. glia. Dontrall observed his parents generous behavior throughout his childhood. a. cognitive therapy
b. biological therapy
c. psychodynamic therapy
d. behavior therapy. c. children who very seldom fight. d. countertransference. Breuer made daily visits and allowed her to share stories from her private theater, which she came to call talking cure or chimney sweeping. Many of the stories she shared were actually thoughts or events she found troubling and reliving them helped to relieve or eliminate the symptoms.
77. c. The receiving neurons fire. Briefly outline how communication in the nervous system occurs. A person engages in multiple online discussions with a large number of friends on Facebook. We may think so, but a review of the evidence for and against this statement will show that it does not and reduce how threatening it seems. Freud said this resistance revealed where issues persisted. In this case, extinction continues. More on this throughout the book as we discuss each disorder. 126. size the different models of abnormality and to avoid oversimplifying the complex nature of human problems. 27. 2 Models of Abnormality There are six models in Abnormal Psychology which aim to describe and explain psychological abnormalities and how the treatment works for each. She is very open about herself and shares her thoughts and opinions freely. b. a severe mental illness and who is not a candidate for brain stimulation therapy. Track the accuracy of the thought. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is our heredity material.
What Is Abnormal Psychology? Definition and Topics - Verywell Mind However, one afternoon I was bitten on the foot by something in the water. Obviously then, with partial, a response continues being made for a while. It is difficult to gain informed consent from individuals with mental illness. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord; the former we will discuss briefly and in terms of key structures which include: Of course, this is not an exhaustive list of structures found in the brain but gives you a pretty good idea of function and which structure is responsible for it. Its popularity has declined since the 1960s and 1970s. d. early life experiences shape one's later behavior. According to Bandura, all behaviors are learned by observing others, and we model our actions after theirs, so undesirable behaviors can be altered or relearned in the same way. A theorist who believes that someone who is labeled a hard worker will, in fact, become a hard worker is MOST likely a(n) _____ theorist. In terms of distinctive structures, these focus on the ability of a neuron to send and receive information. The therapist focuses only on issues specifically related to this problem. a. humanistic-existential
b. biological
c. psychodynamic
d. sociocultural, 5. d. synapses. b. accepting problematic thoughts. We all have two copies of each gene, one inherited from our mother and one from our father. On the other hand, if we see a sibling constantly getting in trouble with the law, then we may not model this behavior due to the negative consequences. First, libido is the psychic energy that drives a person to pleasurable thoughts and behaviors. The behavioral model concerns the cognitive process of learning, which is any relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience and practice and has two main forms associative learning to include classical and operant conditioning and observational learning.
PSYCH205-FinalExam-Answers However, she went to the restroom to change instead. The therapist focuses only on issues specifically related to this problem. Psychopharmacology and psychotropic drugs. The goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy is BEST described as: modifying the client's negative behavior and dysfunctional ways of thinking. Outside of phobias, desensitization has been shown to be effective in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms (Hakimian and Souza, 2016) and limitedly with the treatment of depression when co-morbid with OCD (Masoumeh and Lancy, 2016). A cognitive-behavioral therapist would MOST likely recommend:
How does the existential perspective approach psychopathology? The second major CBT strategy is called cognitive coping skills training. Existential therapy is used to treat substance abuse, excessive anxiety, apathy, alienation, nihilism, avoidance, shame, addiction, despair, depression, guilt, anger, rage, resentment, embitterment, purposelessness, psychosis, and violence. b. self-actualization. This process is called counterconditioning, or the reversal of previous learning. The procedure in Panel C continued with the rabbit being brought a bit closer each time until, eventually, the child did not respond with distress to the rabbit (Panel D). Which statement about paradigms is FALSE? Panel A of Figure 2.6 shows the naturally occurring response to the stimulus of a loud sound. Like schemas, the attributions we make can lead us astray. I'm going to mess up and then it won't be a perfect run!" 109. a. cognitive-behavioral
b. psychodynamic
c. sociocultural
d. humanistic-existential, 8. Still, Sigmund Freud developed useful therapeutic tools for clinicians and raised awareness about the role the unconscious plays in both normal and abnormal behavior. b. rationalization. b. develop depression even when not under stress. A therapist pays close attention to what their client has to say and then makes an effort to show accurate empathy and sincerity in their responses. Nikolai runs past, grabs some of the cookies, and runs away. 161. 13. In a general sense, a model is defined as a representation or imitation of an object (dictionary.com). Which statement regarding the outcomes of couple therapy is FALSE? Which model of abnormality does this quote MOST closely represent? Postconditioning, or after learning has occurred, establishes a new and not naturally occurring relationship of a conditioned stimulus (CS; previously the NS) and conditioned response (CR; the same response). This form of behavior therapy is widely used in clinical, business, and classroom situations. Describe the structure of the neuron and all key parts. For instance, evidence suggests that contracting strep throat, an infection in the throat and tonsils caused by bacteria called group A Streptococcus (for more on strep throat, please visit https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-public/strep-throat.html), can lead to the development of OCD, Tourettes syndrome, and tic disorder in children (Mell, Davis, & Owens, 2005; Giedd et al., 2000; Allen et al., 1995; https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-perfectionists-handbook/201202/can-infections-result-in-mental-illness). Cognitive-behavioral approaches used to treat social anxiety disorder aim to:
a. increase positive self-talk and decrease risk taking. For more on psychosurgery, check out this article from Psychology Today: https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/199203/psychosurgery. c. take responsibility for harmful behavioral patterns. Which statement would a family systems theorist MOST likely agree with? d. frustrating the client. It leads us to adopt our parents values as we come to realize that many of the ids impulses are unacceptable. Similarly, the overproduction of the hormone melatonin can lead to SAD. Over time, the temper tantrums become more and more common. d. secondary process thought. a. psychodynamic
b. cognitive
c. humanistic-existential
d. behavioral, 60. d. cognitive-behavioral. a. Neurotransmitters are released. When treating religious patients, it is recommended that mental health professionals:
a. avoid discussing religion. d. displacement. Continuous or partial? 56. Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying. Freuds psychodynamic theory made a lasting impact on the field of psychology but also has been criticized heavily. What if? These included risk versions of two genes that regulate the flow of calcium into cells. Likewise, twin and family studies have shown that people with first-degree relatives suffering from OCD are at higher risk to develop the disorder themselves. This is called the absolute refractory period. The processes described in this model occur at an unconscious level. This is an example of:
Based on related research, we would expect this person to have a _____ number of offline friends and to _____ share information with them. The pairing must occur more than once so that needless pairings are not learned such as someone farting right before your food comes out and now you salivate whenever someone farts (at least for a while. b. existential
Students also viewed PSY 381 Chapter 2 b. classic Freudian psychotherapy. 140. 2.2.2.2. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? Still, the sociocultural model suffers from unclear findings and not allowing for the establishment of causal relationships, reliance on more qualitative data gathered from case studies and ethnographic analyses (one such example is Zafra, 2016), and an inability to make predictions about abnormal behavior for individuals. Hence, we advocate for a multi-dimensional and not a uni-dimensional model.
Solved model Curl Rogers and Abraham Maslow focused on the - Chegg Pavlov realized some stimuli automatically elicited responses (such as salivating to meat powder) and other stimuli had to be paired with these automatic associations for the animal or person to respond to it (such as salivating to a bell). The _____ model of abnormality pays particular attention to the clients family structure, societal norms, and the clients roles in society. Ashley is a pole-vaulter ready to go for her event. d. propositions. They also have not developed much in the way of theory, and the perspectives tend to work best with people suffering from adjustment issues and not as well with severe mental illness. The disadvantages should outweigh the advantages and help you to end the struggle and accept what is unknown. Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to:
a. genetic make-up. 149. d. latent content. The diathesis-stress model of abnormality emphasizes that: abnormality arises from an interaction between stress and predisposition. We must try to convert what we see into action. Which type of theorist would focus on the athletes illogical thinking process as a key factor in her subsequent poor performance?
PSY 381 Chapter 2 Flashcards | Quizlet Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called: Which model of abnormality focuses on learning and the thinking that underlies behavior? According to Freud, another term for the symbolic meaning of dreams is:
a. positive transference.
ABNORMAL CHAPTER 3 - Subjecto.com The second part of personality emerges after birth with early formative experiences and is called the ego. Anti-anxiety medications help with the symptoms of anxiety and include benzodiazepines such as Clonazepam, Alprazolam, and Lorazepam. On later trials, the rat was presented (NS) and followed closely by a loud sound (UCS; Panel B). Don't worry. Common antipsychotics include Chlorpromazine, Perphenazine, Quetiapine, and Lurasidone. d. Not enough therapists practice existential therapy to make it worth researching. _____ theory focuses on observable and conscious behaviors, whereas _____ theory focuses on unconscious processes. c. psychoanalytic theory. Is this correct? a. having the patient engage in activities that elicit anxiety
b. prescribing an antidepressant medication such as paroxetine
c. teaching the patient how to effectively challenge negative thoughts
d. encouraging the patient to cultivate relationships with others who have similar anxieties. d. unconscious feelings of loss. d. catharsis.
PSY470 Models of Abnormality - Running Head: BENCHMARK - StuDocu Add them up and see if making some minor, or major, adjustments to your schedule will free an hour to get in some valuable exercise. This dream is interpreted to reflect the patients emotional stress over losing her mother, who is terminally ill. They would salivate at the sound of a bell, footsteps in the hall, a tuning fork, or the presence of a lab assistant. Females are at higher risk for developing an anxiety disorder than men. Neurotransmitters. And then we return to resting potential, as you saw in Figure 2.4. b. learned behavior. c. primary process thought. Evaluating psychodynamic theory. b. 2.2.2.3. Then there is the self-serving bias, which is when we attribute our success to our own efforts (dispositional) and our failures to external causes (situational). c. people who have a religious community to support them are healthier. Another example is how a baby will root for a food source if the mothers breast is placed near their mouth. 2.3.4.1. d. short-term psychodynamic therapy. c. cognitive-behavioral therapy. Models aid us with doing all of this. b. biological forces, culture, and learning. In terms of the latter, some symbols are linked to the person specifically, while others are common to all people. I bet the bad behavior ended too. A psychologist from which background would agree MOST strongly with this statement? These are the same four discussed under respondent conditioning. The results of this study led him to conclude that _____ greatly affects mental illness. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior is:
a. intellectualization. With this knowledge, a plan is developed and consists of numerous strategies to act on one or all these elements antecedent, behavior, and/or consequence. b. biological. This is a physical aspect of what disease? Types include habituation, or when we simply stop responding to repetitive and harmless stimuli in our environment such as a fan running in your laptop as you work on a paper, and sensitization, or when our reactions are increased due to a strong stimulus, such as an individual who experienced a mugging and now panics when someone walks up behind him/her on the street. Both types of instincts are sources of stimulation in the body and create a state of tension that is unpleasant, thereby motivating us to reduce them. c. denial. It sends brief electrical currents through the brain, stimulating a seizure. Conditioning. Try figuring out if you genuinely do not have time to go to the gym by recording what you do each day and then look at open times of the day. The perspectives do offer hope to people suffering tragedy by asserting that we control our destiny and can make our own choices.