The general view is that peace and security are determined by good governance. He opined that government at all levels has not done enough by not confronting frontally the situation head-on and dealing with it decisively, others have argued that the situation has a political undertone or inclination calculated to serve the interest of certain political gods, who have been dissatisfied and disgruntled about the political manifestations in the country. Terrorism: Terrorism is a major concern in Nigeria daily. All 36 of Nigeria's governors resolved to declare a state of emergency . Security problems can cut off the supply of such raw materials. They were too absorbed with reading textbooks to see how what they had learned might be applied. The porosity of Nigerias borders has serious security implications for the country. International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. "Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the President may by instrument published in the Official Gazette of the Government of the Federation issue a Proclamation of a state of emergency in the Federation or any part thereof". the Government of Nigeria declared a state of emergency with the imposition of curfews. The process of developing visionary leadership can be challenging, but however, it can be overcome by using institutions of the Nigerian constitution as a nursery ground to produce leaders with national outlook and with a missionary zeal to transform the nation. This can be an important part of emergency management and the benefits of a state of emergency often include opening up resources that will benefit communities impacted by the emergency situation. There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. The Nigerian government requires a rebirth. I. Many lives have been sacrificed as a result of land ownership disputes, and many more are likely to be lost until these concerns are resolved once and for all. In response to the forced closure of schools, the Oyo state government launched an "education-in-emergency" intervention called "School on Air" to serve as an alternative way of learning . Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . Some of the current conflicts in the country may be traced back to this forced union. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 7. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. Various people poured encomiums on him for his wonderful deeds, impacts, and influence when he was alive. 5. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! The argument for this is that such leaders will help to mold the contending ethnic and religious groups into harmony and help to remove the perceived mutual distrust among them. 8. Corruption: Many of Nigerias issues are caused by corruption. In the first quarter of 2016, it fell by -13.98 percent. Beyond the external-internal dichotomy, sources of insecurity have also been classified as either remote or proximate and immediate sources/causal factors. Naturally, when it comes to ethnicity, Nigerians are extremely sensitive, with tempers frequently flaring and occasionally resorting to violence. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. It is the bane of our society. The spread of illness is aided by improperly dumped waste. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . 49. Nigeria must address its infrastructure challenges by providing adequate financing and clamping down on the misappropriation of public monies intended for infrastructure. For this reason, a federal system of government is the best system of government for a multi-ethnic country. 25/03/2020. [2] The study has shown that at a speed of about 30 km/h, tricycle occupant is prone to. The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. In addition, the security situation remains serious in Nigeria. Weak Security System This results from inadequate equipment for the security arm of government, both in weaponry and training. Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. Nigeria ratified the Siracusa Principles. The Nigeria-South Africa Chamber of commerce webinar for January 2021 was held on 28th January 2021. It is generally argued however that security is not the absence of threats or security issues, but the ability to rise to the challenges posed by these threats with expediency and expertise. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. These vague and two-line solutions proffered to the mountain of problems are insufficient to shed light on the way forward, they {solutions} seem better said than done! The EiEWG Nigeria is chaired by the Federal Ministry of Education or by the State Ministry of Education (And SUBEBs) at the state levels and co-chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children International. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. It poses a serious threat to many peoples lives, which is one of the reasons why many workers are requesting pay raises. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. The isolated cases of arson, killings and destruction of public and private properties do not threaten the survival or national security of Nigeria. A good example is the Biafran civil war which began in 6 July 1967 - 15 January 1970 (over 2 years). Nigeria's problems in the education sector have made it hard for the system to churn out market-ready graduates. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. In June, the rate of severe acute malnutrition was 19 per cent among children - the emergency threshold is 3 per cent. Lecturer, Political Science, Federal University Lafia. This will contribute to the countrys unity and build greater trust among all tribes. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. Nigerians and foreign watchdog groups describe accounts of candidates using thugs to steal ballot boxes and threaten voters during elections. The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. Most urban areas in Nigeria have grown beyond their environmental carrying capacities and existing infrastructure and this has resulted in increased poor quality of the living conditions in urban areas in Nigeria. What are the problems of development in Nigeria. Between 2001 and 2006, just $50 million of the $240 million needed for road repairs was paid. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels In fact, it generally reduces lifespan of equipment. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . The activities of the avengers were responsible for the epileptic power supply in the country as well as the inability of state governors to pay workers salaries due to the low revenue generated in the oil sector as a result of the attack on pipelines. 9. The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide2.xml.rels He spoke on the topic: Security Challenges in Nigeria and the Implications for Business Activities and Sustainable Development. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013, Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International. The daily massacres, kidnappings, bombings, and rape carried out by Boko Haram throughout the country are quite concerning. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. It further examines the issues of funding NEMA and the State Emergency Management Agency The constitutional powers to declare a state of emergency rests with the president. A situation where the country earns a great deal of revenue through oil sales but fails to use these earnings to meet the needs of its people and to develop infrastructure as well as the economy. The president has the power to proclaim a state of emergency in any part of Nigeria by publishing the order in the official government gazette. EM also helps one to immediately identify major cause of failure and then restore asset or equipment to its normal working condition. The challenge in solving the insecurity problem in Nigeria is to accelerate the pace of development. A particular feature of the current state of emergency is the unusually large number of persons that have been detained as a result of it: These include high civil servants, prominent business people, religious leaders, trade unionists and other civic leaders. It focuses on the emotional and psychological sense of belonging to a social group that can offer one protection). Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. Elimination of Corruption and Entrenchment of Social Justice Corruption is viewed by everybody as the cog in the Nigerian wheel of progress and development. In addition, the Government at all levels should not compromise in enforcing the law. Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. k; 7 ! The government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. There is also the need to modernize the security agencies with training, intelligence sharing, advanced technology, logistics, motivation, and change of orientation. Similarly, in software engineering, there are certain situations that require immediate actions. Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal capital territory.Each of the 36 states is a semi-autonomous political unit that shares powers with the federal government as enumerated under the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.The Federal Capital Territory (FCT), is the capital territory of Nigeria, and it is in this territory that the capital city of Abuja is located. Nigeria was the 33rd most corrupt country in 2013, mathematically. The ethnoreligious conflict was defined as a situation in which the relationship between members of one ethnic or religious group and another of such group in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society is characterized by lack of cordiality, mutual suspicion, and fear, and a tendency towards violent confrontation. We recognize that some internal factors have been enhanced and strengthened by the presence of external forces, but, there is no doubt that, if the internal situations did not present themselves, the external forces would be unable to infiltrate. Fikayo Olowolagba. A large number of the Nigerian population is frustrated and have lost hope, especially the youths, and have now emerged to express their disillusion about the pervasive state of inequality. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. This effort will enhance the operational capabilities of the Nigerian security agencies by identifying avenues that would enable them to respond appropriately to internal security challenges and other threats. According to a source, the females were between the ages of 17 and 18. Also see: Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . Recommended: Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria. He states that the war against insecurity would be won only by raising governance standards that is, cultivating the culture of good governance where the government is responsible and accountable to the people. Todays parents utilize their political clout or influence to affect their childrens education. 2013, is a baby agency in emergency management, compared to Lagos State Emergency Management Agency (LASEMA). Instead, a coordinated preventive measure is necessary for addition to military strategies and judicial institutions. When a firm is unable to access raw materials needed for production due to insecurity in the source, it can disrupt production activities. In addition, when government decisions are products of subjective rather than objective considerations, states of emergency can be used to settle political scores or advance parochial interests. 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